Reducing greenhouse gas emissions through the kyoto protocol pdf

The long roadtoward reducing greenhouse gas emissions. On strategies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions pnas. Protocol shall, at its first session or as soon as practicable thereafter, decide upon modalities, rules and guidelines as to how, and which, additional humaninduced activities related to changes in greenhouse gas emissions by sources and removals by sinks in the agricultural soils. Countries that ratify the kyoto protocol are assigned maximum carbon. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions through operations and supply chain management page 3 integrating with them.

Reducing greenhouse gas emissions through operations and. The plan is for countries who adopt the protocol to limit how much carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases they expel into the atmosphere. International approaches to reducing greenhouse gas emissions lawrence h. Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide co 2, methane ch 4, nitrous oxide n 2 o, perfluorocarbons pfcs. Pdf reducing greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation. The agreement requires these countries to consider ways to minimize adverse effects on developing countries of these actions, transmitted through trade. The protocol requires that developed countries cut their carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions by an average of 5. Strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from road. The kyoto protocol commits annex 1 developed countries to reduce ghg emissions to 5 per cent below 1990 levels by 2012. The kyoto protocol set a target for 37 industrialised countries to reduce their emissions by an average 5% below 1990 levels, for the period of 2008 to 2012.

The kyoto protocol is an international treaty which extends the 1992 united nations framework convention on climate change unfccc that commits state parties to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, based on the scientific consensus that part one global warming is occurring and part two it is extremely likely that humanmade co 2 emissions have predominantly caused it. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation and forest degradation. Japans total greenhouse gas emissions preliminary figures in fy2012 were 1,341 mt co2 eq. With the setting of such targets, emission reductions took on economic value. It covers the accounting and reporting of the six greenhouse gases covered by the kyoto protocol carbon dioxide co 2, methane ch 4, nitrous oxide n 2. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions bristol myers squibb. This is an overview of the contribution of various countries to this total emission reduction. Unfccc negotiations led to the kyoto protocol in 1997. A major challenge facing global agriculture in the 21st century is the provision of sufficient, healthy food for the worlds growing population, while concurrently reducing its environmental footprint with the challenges of water scarcity, extensive degradation of soil and climate change foley et al. International approaches to reducing greenhouse gas. It is the first legally binding global agreement to cut greenhouse gases. Fe30 2007 reducing greenhouse gas emissions by recycling. We analyze a number of policies embraced by the kyoto. The goal of the kyoto protocol was to reduce worldwide greenhouse gas emissions to 5.

Protocol for the quantification of greenhouse gas emissions from waste management activities version 5. On strategies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. If a country has difficulty reducing greenhouse gas emissions, it may purchase the right to emit greenhouse gas from another country that is expected to emit an amount of. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions from aviation 2011 see bottom left. Further efforts are, however, necessary to achieve absolute reductions in emissions. The main challenge is their substitution with lowcarbon energy sources. The united states was required to cut its green house gas emissions by 7% below 1990 levels. In 2012, australias greenhouse gas emissions totalled 600 mt co 2e, 2. This generally involves reductions in human emissions of greenhouse gases ghgs fossil fuels account for about 70% of ghg emissions. Global landuse implications article pdf available in science 3205882. Framework convention on climate change and the kyoto protocol. Indias indc noted the challenges of eradicating poverty while reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

An international agreement that aims to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and the presence of greenhouse gases. It was agreed on 11 december 1997 at the 3rd conference of the parties to the treaty when they met in kyoto, and entered into force on 16 february 2005 as of november 2007, 174 parties have ratified the. The kyoto protocol was adopted as the first addition to the united nations framework convention on climate change unfccc, an international treaty that committed its signatories to develop national programs to reduce their emissions of greenhouse gases. A number of programs aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions have been proposed or enacted in the united states and other developed countries, including. The abovementioned action of the japanese government reflects the essence of the kyoto protocol. In this study the potential of material recovery subproject 3 to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through two case studies are assessed and the. The kyoto protocol is introduced in 1997 but developed countries. Eu policies deliver greenhouse gas emission reductions. Economic potential of biomass based fuels for greenhouse. Under the kyoto protocol, the worlds wealthier countries assumed binding commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Definitions 12 waste management sector pages to 18 2. The kyoto protocol was the first agreement between nations to mandate countrybycountry reductions in greenhousegas emissions.

Compared to the emissions levels that would occur by 2010 without the kyoto protocol, however, this. Many environmentalists and some developed nations appear to have concluded that there is one climate change problem, global warming, and that there is only one solution to it, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, usually through the kyoto protocol. Greenhouse gas emissions and the role of the kyoto protocol. Greenhouse gas emissions will be reduced, with a special emphasis on reducing the use of fossil fuels in favour of renewable energy sources and climatefriendly fuels. This leads to greater emissions, either directly from the release of f gases or indirectly through the energy used for the cooling technologies. Nevertheless, the country planned to reduce the emissions intensity of its gdp by 33 to 35 percent by 2030 versus the 2005 levels. What is the kyoto protocol and has it made any difference.

Use of biofuels diminishes fossil fuelcombustion thereby also reducing net greenhousegas emissions. Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide co 2, methane ch 4, nitrous oxide n 2. The kyoto protocol is a protocol to the international framework convention on climate change with the objective of reducing greenhouse gases that cause climate change. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions through operations. The kyoto protocol is an international treaty extending the 1992 united nations framework convention on climate change unfccc which aims to reduce the effects of climate change like global warming. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions and grain arsenic and. Kyoto treaty is an international agreement under united nations framework convention on climate change unfccc. About 24 percent of the global population without access to electricity 304 million resided in india. Overview of emission reductions required by the kyoto protocol. To help countries meet their emission targets under the kyoto protocol, and to encourage the private sector and developing.

Eora provides satellite data 63 for each country and sector including annual emissions of kyoto protocol greenhouse gases ghgs based on the doha amendment 64 co 2, ch 4, n 2 o, hfcs, pfcs, sf 6. The experience of two companies suggests how these steps can be taken. According to germanys environmental protection agency, the uba, by 2050 we can expect f gas emissions to rise to the equivalent of 7. Has the kyoto protocol made any difference to carbon. The objective of the kyoto protocol was to keep the global temperature rise below 2. However, subsidies are neededto make agricultural biofuel productioneconomically feasible. It covers the accounting and reporting of the six greenhouse gases covered by the kyoto protocolcarbon dioxide co 2, methane ch 4, nitrous oxide n 2. According to the kyoto protocol countries must reduce total greenhouse gas emissions by 2012, compared to 1990 levels. Through our sustainability 2020 goals and our corporate greenhouse gas management directive, we are committed to making progress in reducing greenhouse gas emissions from our operations. Reducing urban greenhouse gas footprints scientific reports.

For contrast, we consider a wellestablished corporation the largest in the world, as measured by revenue and a startup. Mitigating greenhouse gas emissions internationale. Climate change mitigation consists of actions to limit the magnitude or rate of global warming and its related effects. Kyoto protocol summary first international treaty on. The kyoto protocol is a protocol to the united nations framework convention on climate change, an international environmental treaty with the goal of stabilisation of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. By ratification of the united nations framework convention on climate change, a large majority of countries acknowledge that change in the earths climate and its adverse effects are a common concern for humankind, and that the ultimate objective of the convention is the stabilization of greenhouse gas. The associated kyoto protocol is an international agreement that classifies countries by their level of industrialisation and commits certain countries to ghg emissionreduction targets. In 2002, the eu and its 15 member states at that time ratified the kyoto protocol, thereby committing to national targets as well as a joint target of collectively reducing the eus greenhouse gas emissions for the first commitment period 2008. As a result, australia has 116 mt co 2e of emissions rights to carryover to its 202020 kyoto commitment.

Under kyoto, industrialised nations pledged to cut their yearly emissions of carbon, as measured in six greenhouse gases, by varying amounts, averaging 5. To explore the economicpotential of biofuels in a greenhouse gasmitigation market, we incorporate data onproduction and biofuel processing for. A comprehensive summary of the kyoto protocol covering must know facts about it is provided below. Under the kyoto protocol most developed nations other than the us committed themselves to targets for cutting or slowing their emissions of the key greenhouse gases that cause climate change. This book stresses the greenhouse gas emissions of the usa and china, and shows various ways to decrease greenhouse gas emissions. The government will attempt to increase carbon sequestration from the atmosphere. Background to the enforcement of the kyoto protocol sapub. Global action on climate change committee on climate change. Pdf greenhouse gas emissions, global warming and climate. Rice oryza sativa l is the staple food of more than half the. The kyoto protocol was adopted in 1997 and it became law on february 16, 2005.